Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas can no longer produce insulin or when the body cannot adequately use the insulin it produces.
In order for our body cells to function in a healthy way, sugar (glucose) is taken into the cell and used as fuel. The transport of sugar into the cell is done by the insulin hormone. In case the insulin hormone cannot be produced or used effectively in the body for various reasons, sugar accumulates in the blood. (diabetes) occurs.
A fasting blood sugar value above 126 mg/dl indicates that you have diabetes.
Some tests used to determine whether a person has diabetes are Fasting Blood Glucose (FGL) measurement, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), HBA1C test, Random blood sugar test. Your doctor will determine your diabetes diagnosis by doing what he sees fit for you from these tests.
HBA1C test: This test measures your average blood sugar level over the past 3 months. An A1C below 5.7% is normal, between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates you have prediabetes (hidden sugar), and 6.5% or higher indicates you have diabetes (diabetes).
Random blood sugar test: This test shows your blood sugar at the time you did it. You can do this test at any time and you do not need to be fasting beforehand. A blood sugar level of 200 mg/dL or higher indicates you have diabetes.
OGTT test: In this test, a sugary liquid is drunk in the morning on an empty stomach by fasting from the night. Blood glucose is measured at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd hours after drinking the liquid. If your blood sugar is 140 mg/dL or lower at the 2nd hour If it is between 140 and 199 mg/dL, it indicates that you have latent sugar, and if it is 200 mg/dL or higher, you have diabetes.
Fasting blood glucose test: It is the blood glucose value measured in the morning on an empty stomach after midnight without eating. A fasting blood glucose level of 99 mg/dL or less is normal, a 100 to 125 mg/dL indicates you have latent sugar and 126 mg/dL or higher indicates that you have diabetes.More...